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API Base Oil
Definitions: Base Oil is the name given to lubrication grade
oils initially produced from refining crude oil
(mineral base oil) or through chemical synthesis
(synthetic base oil). Base oil is typically
defined as oil with a boiling point range
between 550 and 1050 F, consisting of
hydrocarbons with 18 to 40 carbon atoms. This
oil can be either paraffinic or naphthenic in
nature depending on the chemical structure of
the molecules.
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Group-I Solvent Freezing:
Group I base stocks contain less than
90 percent saturates and/or greater than .03 percent sulfur and have
viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120. |
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Group–II Hydro processing:
Group II base stocks contain greater than or equal to 90 percent
saturates and less than or equal to .03 percent sulfur and have
viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120. |
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Group–II+ Hydro processing:
Group II base stocks contain greater than or equal to 90 percent
saturates and less than or equal to .03 percent sulfur and have
viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120. |
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Group–III Severe Hydro Cracking:
Group III base
stocks contain greater than or equal to 90 percent saturates and
less than or equal to .03 percent sulfur and have viscosity index
greater than or equal to 120. |
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Group-IV Chemical Reactions:
Group IV base oils are chemically engineered synthetic base
stocks. Polyalphaolefins (PAO's) are a common example of a
synthetic base stock. |
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Group-V:
Group V - As Indicated: Group V base oils are used primarily
in the creation of oil additives. Esters and polyolesters
are both common Group V base oils used in the formulation of
oil additives. |
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